Beta-Glucan Enhances Action of Immune Cells
Medical Doctors and researchers at Brown
Medical School and Rhode Island hospital have discovered that
beta 1,3-D glucan, a natural compound derived from bakers yeast,
binds to receptors on neutrophils, the most abundant type of
immune cell in the body. The beta glucan caused the neutrophils
to take a more direct path to the site of infection rather than
the indirect route normally taken.
Neutrophils are attracted to the site of an infection by blood
proteins called chemoattractants and are among the first cells
of the body to respond to a challenge due to infection or
injury. Normally, neutrophils use such chemoattractants as
interleukin-8 to travel to the site of infection. However, when
neutrophils were treated with beta 1,3-D glucan, the neutrophils
bypassed the IL-8 and went directly to the source of infection.
Beta 1,3-D appeared to accomplish this by increasing the
neutrophils ability to sense complement fragments emanating from
the site of an infection. As a result, beta glucan helps
neutrophils locate the epicenter of the bacterial infection
within tissue.
This ability to make neutrophils bypass IL-8 and go directly to
the site of infection could result in a more rapid response to
infection and a faster microbial clearance and healing, the
researchers theorized. But, they said, further studies are
needed to confirm whether expediting neutrophils journey to the
infection site enhances immunity.
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Reference:
Tsikitis VL, Albina JE, Reichner JS. ß-glucan affects leukocyte
navigation in a complex chemotactic gradient. Surgery
2004;136:384-9.
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